托福写作写出逻辑清晰的段落托福写作评分标准中有一条是这样诠释的：托福作文的行文组织要系统，要有逻辑性。以下笔者以TPO 9的综合写作来作为实例进行分析。我们先来阅读一下文章：
Car manufacturers and governments have been eagerly seeking a replacement for the automobile's main source of power, the internal-combustion engine. By far the most promising alternative source of energy for cars is the hydrogen-based fuel-cell engine, which uses hydrogen to create electricity that, in turn, powers the car. Fuel-cell engines have several advantages over internal-combustion engines and will probably soon replace them.（开头段）
阅读文章的总内容是：
Fuel-cell-engines have several advantages over internal-combustion engines, 然后三个主体段落分别展开说明。
以上列举了这个阅读文章的开头段和主体段1, 笔者在平时的教学中发现学生在看完阅读文章后，并没有真正理解文章的行文风格：fuel-cell engine和internal-combustion engine在全文中进行对比论证，正是由于没有理解这层关系，学生就按照惯例认为主体段句话是文章的中心，误认为中心句是：One of the main problems with the internal-combustion engine is that it relies on petroleum, either in the form of gasoline or diesel fuel.
然后学生就开始记听力笔记，大致内容是：be not easily available, store in an extremely surrounding, minus 253 degrees centigrade…
我相信大家在这里已经看出问题了：
听力内容与阅读内容没有相对应的点，那么前后的逻辑性就很混乱了。问题就出在考生弄错了这篇阅读文章真正要谈的内容，这篇文章真正的主题是fuel-cell engine,而不是internal-combustion engine。
这个段落真正的主题句应该是：The hydrogen needed for fuel-cell engines cannot easily be depleted, 这样根据刚才的听力笔记的关键词来看阅读和听力材料的具体内容才是一一对应的。
可见，在拿到一篇阅读文章时，考生们一定要明白全文是对比论证，还是举例论证。若是对比论证（如：上文中TPO 9的例子），要准确地找到研究内容；若是举例论证，文章的总分结构要明确，下面以TPO 5示范。
One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.（阅读材料）
广州托福培训学校朗阁培训中心托福培训
